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Vitamix Blenders Marketing Communication Plan

Vitamix Blenders Marketing Communication Plan 1. Â  Vitamix Blenders 2. Positioning strategy -Vitamax blenders are positioned as health and strength enhancing products -Competitors’ products are usually positioned in accordance with their lower prices, or with the convenience of their use -Other competitors position their blenders based on esthetic features 3. Communication objectives -Promote the benefits of using Vitamax blenders -Increase awareness on these products -Encourage purchase and usage -Develop an emotional link between customers and Vitamix blenders -Build and maintain brand and customer loyalty 4. SWOT Analysis Strengths: -wide product range -products can be used at home or in a business -high quality -esthetic aspect -can be used in preparing numerous foods and drinks Weaknesses: -customers have little knowledge of them -high levels of investments in communicating the products are required 5. SWOT Analysis (continued) Opportunities: -selling Vitamix blenders at the gym: very good sales environment -online marketing -social media Threats: -numerous competitors on the blenders market -competitors invest significant amounts of money in their marketing strategy 6. Integrated Strategy Statement -The value that Vitamix blenders provide to customers relies on improving the health and strength of their lifestyle through high quality, innovative products at affordable prices. -Rational benefits: high quality, innovation, modern design, various uses, easy to use, affordable prices. -Emotional benefits: company’s interest in customers’ wellbeing, trust, user friendly experience. 7. Print Ads 8. Budget Allocation 9. Public Relations Activities -Organize and sponsor different contests within the gym -Sponsor different sports competitions -Organize sessions for revealing how Vitamix blenders work and what can be achieved by using them. 10. Direct Marketing and Sales Promotion Direct marketing activities: -Vitamax branded calendars, notebooks, and other stationery -direct emailing to the gym’s clients -branded articles on the gym’s website Sales promotion activities: -reward customers with free products on a regular basis 11. Measurement and Evaluation Plan -Develop focus groups -Customer surveys -Inquiry tests 12. References 1. LoBianco, J. (2012). The Small Business Benefits of Focus Groups, Customer Interviews and Qualitative Research. The Washington Post. Retrieved February 5, 2014 from http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/on-small-business/post/the-small-business-benefits-of-focus-groups-customer-interviews-and-qualitative-research/2012/08/22/b98d6578-ec9c-11e1-aca7-272630dfd152_blog.html. 2. Rogers, J. (2012). Customer Surveys: 5 Things You Need to Know. The Huffington Post. Retrieved February 5, 2014 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/27/customer-surveys-5-things-you-need-to-know_n_1263811.html. 3. Freeman, E. (2014). The Advantages of Social Networking Promoting a Business. Retrieved February 5, 2014 from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-social-networking-promoting-business-21990.html.

The Effects Of Climate Change On Fossil Fuels - 1431 Words

The definition of climate change is â€Å"a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.† (Google Dictionary). Due to our dependence on fossil fuels as our main source for energy and our carbon dioxide emissions over decades, climate change has rapidly emerged on Earth. Yet, we still have those who deny any scientific evidence of the effect of the dependence on fossil fuels. Climate change is a threat one should not ignore but want to reverse with the transition from fossil fuels to clean energy. An issue, which one should consider frightening today and for the future, is climate change. The growth of climate change has developed over decades due to human activity, and we have done substantially little to nothing when it comes to moving forward with clean energy as a nation. When we continue to use fossil fuels as our source to power our electricity, it exhausts and pollutes the planet’s natural resources, as well as environments and species. What happens when we pollute and waste all of our natural resources? The result is climate change, and in that, we all suffer from the destruction fossil fuel energy has on our planet and on humanity. When our human activity results in greenhouse gases that perpetuates the slightest rise in temperature that then cause ice caps to melt at an alarmingShow MoreRelatedFossil Fuels : An Essential Foundation1416 Words   |  6 Pagesthe dawn of the Industrial Revolution, fossil fuels have become an essential foundation in the innovativ e endeavors of mankind. Not only has it supported human advancement, but it is virtually ubiquitous in its use and its versatility provides for a strong mechanical prospect. Yet, these prehistoric sources of energy have lately been identified to be a major source of an onset against the well-being of the Earth. Because of the adverse effects of fossil fuels, the effort placed into the solutionsRead MoreCompanies And Climate Change Case Study944 Words   |  4 PagesCompanies Impact on Climate Change According to Mindy S. Lubber president of Ceres, â€Å"many U.S. companies today are still downplaying the possible risks of climate change and its far-reaching business impacts.† Still using fossil fuels and releasing carbon dioxide in large amounts will have large effects on the Earth, if companies aren’t careful. The idea of global warming has been around in the United States for many years. In fact, climate change has had effects on people and the environment forRead MoreClimate Change Is A Change Of Weather Patterns That Lasts For A Long Duration Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesClimate Change is a change of weather patterns that lasts for a long duration. Climate change can be caused by the ‘greenhouse effect’. Humans create greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels, electricity production and more. These gases trap the sun’s heat in the atmosphere and increase the earth’s overall temperature. This process is also called Global Warming which can cause more natural disasters like floods and droughts. Climate change is an existent global issue that started since 1880 whenRead MoreEarth Science : Critical Thinking Exercise Questions1702 Words   |  7 Pageswhy it is a conflict. The climate is changing and this comes with the result of temperatures rising, polar ice caps melting, and water levels rising. Furthermore, if these types effects continue without being checked the end result for human and animal life on earth could be catastrophic. With this in mind, there are several people that have argued that this change has occurred as of natural causes. The people from school of thought believe that the current climate change is a result of the naturalRead MoreGlobal Warming Is The Environmental And Social Changes Caused By Human Emissions1652 Words   |  7 Pagesenvironmental and social changes caused by human emissions of greenhouse gases. Human activities have been the primary cause of this significant change, resulting with extreme weather conditions, increasing sea level, and climate changes. In this paper I will compare and contrast natural versus anthropogenic climate changes of global warming, mitigation strategies, mitigation effectiveness, polic y implications, costs, and address some policy changes to help stabilize global climate and strict standardsRead MoreGlobal Warming Is The Environmental And Social Changes Caused By Emissions Of Greenhouse Gases1735 Words   |  7 Pagesand social changes caused by emissions of greenhouse gases. Human activities have been the primary cause of this significant change, resulting with extreme weather conditions, increasing sea levels, and climate changes. In this paper I will compare and contrast natural versus anthropogenic climate changes of global warming, mitigation strategies, mitigation effectiveness, policy implications, costs, and address some policy changes to help stabilize global climate. Natural Climate change The EarthRead MoreHuman Activity And Climate Change1141 Words   |  5 PagesAND CLIMATE CHANGE WILLIAM WRIGHT GRANTHAM UNIVERSITY In this paper I will discuss Human Activity and Climate Change. I will discuss different human activities that might affect climate change, things such as the burning of fossil fuels and how they might contribute to climate change. To begin I will discuss what the definition of climate change. Climate change is the change in the atmosphere by the amounts of carbon dioxide levels that come from using fossil fuels. ClimateRead MoreClimate Change Is The Change923 Words   |  4 PagesClimate change is the change in earth’s climate like temperature and precipitation over a particular region. Climate change has shown its affect all across the globe and is leading to all undesirable loses. Some of the reasons of radical climate changes are: †¢ Irresponsible activities of humans like misuse of fossil fuels, polluting water bodies and use of non-renewable sources †¢ Burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil are rising the levels of carbon dioxide in the air. Climate change is not onlyRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The Environment993 Words   |  4 Pages Global warming is part of earth. This meaning the air and the way the fossil fuels come into play. I want to start out talking about fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources. They can take up to thousands of years to produce. This is why they are non-renewable because it takes so long to make more. These fossil fuels are used to make gas and oil for people to drive their cars and oil for these big plants. The way that they are found is by digging deep in the groundRead MoreFossil Fuels and Climate Change Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pages In this paper, we focus on using fossil fuels causing climate change. Fossil fuels are fuels formed natural resources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, which are the most widely used fuel and industrial chemicals in the world. Since industrial revolution, fossil fuels bring a very great quantity convenience and technological products. So we can use cars, planes and all modern products. But fossil fuels cause climate change at the same time. Greenhouse gas, nitrous oxides and a great deal

Jean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development - 739 Words

Background of Theorist: The know renown Swiss clinical psychologist Jean Piaget was Jean Piaget, a Swiss clinical psychologist was the main theorist to develop the theory of cognitive development (Woolfolk Margetts, 2016). He was born on August the 9th 1896 in Neuchatel, Switzerland where he would spend his childhood growing up with his family (Kohler, 2014). The relationship Piaget had with both his parents was an ambivalent yet fundamental one, as the respectful yet fearful relationship he had with his father and his urge to stay away from his mother’s temper issues had allowed him to isolate himself and focus on prospering in his studies, thus making him the success he is today (Kohler, 2014). Main principles of learning theory:†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, for children to think symbolically, it can demonstrate that the child has progressed from the previous stag and too, their thinking ability (Woolfolk Margetts, 2016). However, a child’s thinking ability at this stage does not dramatically increase, as they are set back with the follow characteristics of: centration, irreversibility, egocentrism and animalistic thinking which limit their thinking abilities. Concrete operational: The concrete operational stage is the third stage in a child’s cognitive development and occurs between the ages of 7-11 years of age. In this stage, children are now able to come to term with the world and information given to them with more logical perspective and thinking style (Woolfolk Margetts, 2016). Also, children’s thinking at this stage has developed drastically from the last two stages as they are not only thinking logically, but are able to understand: compensation, reversibility and conservation, classification and serialisation (Woolfolk Margetts, 2016). Formal operational: The formal operational stage is considered the very last stage in a child’s cognitive development as it starts at the age of 12 and continues all the way throughout adulthood. By this stage, all the previous knowledge and schemes created in all the past stages are still being used and help develop the remaining characteristic that they will obtain (Woolfolk Margetts, 2016). Children are now able to use:Show MoreRelatedJean Piaget s Theories Of Cognitive Development1360 Words   |  6 Pages Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist. He worked in the fields of Developmental Psychology and Epistemology. He’s known for his works and theories in the field of child development. His theories of cognitive development and epistemological views are called, â€Å"genetic epistemology†. Piaget placed the education of children as most important. His works and theories still play a huge role and influence the study of child psychology today. 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Report on Taj mahal Palace hotel, Mumbai free essay sample

Group purpose Attain leadership through business excellence in the sectors they Operate in, while upholding their values and integrity, to Improve the quality of life of the communities they serve. Group values Integrity Fair, honest, transparent in all dealings Understanding Care, respect, compassion for customers and colleagues Excellence Highest possible standards in quality of goods and services Unity Build strong relationships with partners and customers worldwide Responsibility What comes from the people goes back to the people many times over. The Leading hotels of India is dedicated to the highest standards of hospitality, services and continuous innovation for over a 100 years; today Taj Hotels, Resorts and Palaces, spans across 5 continents totaling 83 hotels in 11 countries with 10,000 rooms. Who are IHCL ? a. Founded by Mr. Jamsetji N. Tata, we opened first hotel The Taj Mahal Palace % Tower, Mumbai in 19,03 and completed centenary year in 2003 b. The Indian Hotels Company Limited and its subsidiaries are collectively known as Taj hotels Resorts and Palaces. We will write a custom essay sample on Report on Taj mahal Palace hotel, Mumbai or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page c. Operates in the luxury, upper upscale, upscale and budget segments of the market. d. Recognized as one of Asias finest and largest hotel company, we are defines by style, warmth, heritage and the hospitality expertise. e. Over 22,000 employees across 83 hotels, in 11 countries and 5 continents dissolving national, cultural and language barriers to come together and offer the world a legendary experience called the Taj THE TAJ MAHAL PALACE MUMBAI The Taj Mahal Place, Mumbai, a gracious landmark of the Mumbai offers panoramic views of the Arabian Sea and the Gateway of India. Location: Located near Gateway of India, Apollo Bunder Air Space over The Taj Mahal Palace, Mumbai only accessible by defense authorities. Local police station (Colaba) and Fire Station (Colaba) are within reach of 2-3 minutes driving time. Being located in a VIP zone, frequent patrolling done by Mumbai police Intelligence agencies. One Of The Original Grand Hotels Of The World Built in 103, the hotel is an architectural marvel, bringing together Moorish, Oriental and Florentine styles along with how casing contemporary Indian influences. It All Began With Jamsetji Tatas passion for the city he most loved Bombay (as it was formerly known) And, So came to life the Taj Mahal Palace in 1903 at the cost of a quarter million pounds. The Taj preceded the Gateway of India by over twenty years! The Palace Experiences Reinventing Services The Arrival Experience Warm Arrival Arrangements Jaguar / Bentley transfers The Personal Butler Attentive Discreet Impeccable The Palace Lounge Exclusive All day lounge Royal and plush lavish inclusive The Pool Experience Relax Rejuvenate Restore The Art Walk Experience Rich repertoire of contemporary Indian art Rare Antiques Fascinating journey The Departure Experience In Room Checkout Fond Farewell Quintessential Suite Experience The Taj Mahal Palace houses 42 generously appointed suites, each adorned with original paintings and period furniture to transport guests into a world of regal luxury and grandeur. The Tata Suite For the ultimate discerning traveler, this rich and authentic suite has been created, embodying the very essence of the India and offering unparallel luxury. Developed in honor of the founder, every area of the suite is being meticulously designs to reflect the glory of the heritage of the Tatas and captures the essence of fine living displayed by the founding fathers of the hotel. Elegant Grand Luxury Suites Transcending time, these picturesque suites are designed around a central theme, embodying the very essence of the Taj. A world for aesthetes where the artwork and antiques recreates old world charm with a blend of modern amenities and gracious personalized service. Prestigious Luxury Suites Combining contemporary and classic styles, the richly hued interiors of these suites exemplify luxurious living. Well Appointed Executive Suites Offers a spacious bedroom, living room, dining area and a large bathroom. Bright, airy and lavishly styled, these newly restored Executives Suites are aimed at pampering and creating a truly unforgettable experience for the guest at every touch point from the arrival until departure. Luxurious Guest Rooms The Taj Club Rooms Rich and stylish rooms with strong architectural backgrounds and sumptuous furnishings and materials-polished rosewood floors, sparkling white balustrade wainscoting echoing the fanciful forms of exterior balconies, the ceilings soaring upward, enriched with beams and arches that are reminiscent of the hotels atriums, the massively footed mahogany bed with a soaring headboard reminiscent of arches and elephant tusks. When one enters The Taj Club Rooms, they will be the culmination of the Taj experience The Taj Mahal Palace Rooms The corridors stand testimony to a century old heritage, with genuine artifacts and antiques gracing the aisles. Guests have a choice of rooms that overlook the city or pool or face the Gateway of India and the Arabian Sea The Taj Mahal Tower Rooms With its arched balconies topped by a jagged diadem, The Taj Mahal Tower stands in harmonious contrast to The Taj Mahal Palace. The rooms offer a refreshing mix of European style and Indian elegance. Signature Dining Experiences Dining Options Sea Lounge : Mumbais Legendary rendezvous overlooking the scenic Mumbai Harbor and the gateway of India Souk : An award-winning restaurant offering dishes from Iran, turkey, Lebanon, Egypt, Greece and Morocco Shamiana : All day dining restaurant, offering a wide variety of choices from Indian and international cuisines The Zodiac grill : Recipient of the prestigious Wine Spectator Award of Excellence, creates an unforgettable ambience that perfectly complements its creative French cuisines and unrivalled service. Wasabi by Morimoto : This award winning restaurant offers a variety of Japanese delicacies with an array of delicious sakes and mouthwatering sushis. Starboard : Portside bar with a maritime theme welcomes you aboard for an evening. Masala Kraft : Blending aromatic Indian spices with modern cooking techniques, produces flavors that are a fresh and delicious, selection of traditional Indian favorites. -Harbour Bar : A stylish and sophisticated retreat for a drink or an informal meal, first opened its doors to the discerning Mumbai gentleman in 1933. Golden Dragon : Started in 1973, Indias first authentic Sichuan restaurant recently reopened with a contemporary new look. Aquarius : Indulge yourself at our relaxing outdoor lounge located by the pool, open to resident guests only. Events Occasions Today, The Taj Mahal Palace, Mumbai offers 11 grand banquet rooms, tastefully refurbished to include the latest in business and state-of-art facilities, yet retaining the elegance and old-world charm. The catering services are overseen by Grand Executive Chef Hemant Oberoi, while a retinue of banquet planners and hospitality personnel ensure every event is managed with clockwork precision. The Crystal Room Crystal chandeliers, mirrored ceiling and baroque woodwork set the tone for an evening of glitter and sparkle the ideal venue for any affaire extraordinaire be it a corporate meet, high-profile product launch or lavish cocktail reception. The Ballroom Long been the venue of some of Bombays most historic meets and social events- has transformed into an efficient meeting room where technology is placed at your disposal, just a button away. But it just as easily transforms into a social setting with grateful arches, scalloped pillars and crystal chandeliers giving it an air of regal elegance. Wellness and Leisure The Jiva Spa Offer a spectrum of authentic and traditional Indian wellness treatments and experiences in a stylish and soothing ambience. Drawing from ancient Indian healing wisdom and Ayurveda. Jiva Spa believes that a spa unfold a way of life wherein the life force is the bedrock of wellness. Taj Air Taking its legendary hospitality to an all-new level, Taj introduced Taj Air an exclusively charter service that offers travelers higher levels of safety, efficiency and reliability in the comfort of their very own aircraft Taj Luxury Yacht Take to the sea with all modern Comforts you need including three-air-conditioned bedrooms, a salon complete with a Bar and entertainment system. Taj Luxury Shopping Boulevard Louis Vuitton, Zegna, Moschino, Mont Blanc, Ravissant, Dia, and Joy Shoes among others, featuring exclusive, leather goods, men and womans clothing, accessories, scarves, exquisitely crafted watches, elegant designer jewellery and writing instruments. Safety And Security Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces remains deeply committed towards the safety and security of all our patrons and staff. Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is reinforcing security measures in place, with particular emphasis on our hotels in all key locations. The state of preparedness of their hotels is based on a process of continual liaison with the police and security agencies, by our hotel security staff. We work with our security consultants from Israel and have a process if continual improvement as new technology and training becomes available. Some of the Security Measures are : Pneumatic Bollards Turnstile Reinforces Planters Training Report Training Schedule : 15th Nov 20th Nov Training Induction 20th Nov 02nd Dec Staff Cafeteria 03rd Dec 16th Dec Shamiana Service 17th Dec 23rd Dec Sea-Lounge Kitchen 24th Dec 30th Dec IRD Kitchen 31st Dec 06th Jan Butchery 07th Jan 13th Jan Shamiana Service 14th Jan 20th Jan Main Kitchen 21st Jan 27th Jan Front Office 28th Jan 03rd Feb Shamiana Service 04th Feb 10th Feb Housekeeping Tower 11th Feb 03rd Mar Housekeeping Palace 04th Mar 10th Mar Front Office 11th Mar 17th Mar Laundry 18th Mar 07th Apr Banquets 8th Apr 21st Apr Laundry Front Office Duration in the Department 2 weeks Weeks from 21st Jan,13 27th Jan,13 Worked Under Mrs. Pradnya Ingale (Asst. Guest Relations Manager) Mrs. Delphina (Asst to Executive Assistant Manager- Accommodations Mr. Mohit Gurnani) Mr. Viren Dsa ( Experience Manager ) Reporting Time 7:30 4:30 Work Performed : 1. Preparation of TIC (Taj Inner circle ) form and filling them up, using details of the guest present in Fidelio. Taj Inner circle was for guests who have stayed in the hotel for more than 10 times. This card could be upgraded to Taj Gold, Taj Silver and Taj Platinum. Updating guest folios on the system 2. Preparing VVIP Passes for the staff , This Card was made for security purposes. Also when there is some International High profile Guest comes to the hotel, presence of this pass was compulsory for the staff who ever comes in contact with the guest. 3. Filling of Guest Complaints, Guests who have travelled in the previous hotels and had found something unpleasant about the room or bad about the service often leaves a bad comment during checkout or through email and all these complaints are recorded in Taj Guest complaints Site which is accessible all over the world for the Taj front office. These complaints are used by the front office staff to inform all the other departments that such guests are in the hotel and so and so are the likes dislikes of the guest so please do the needful to make their stay pleasant in our hotel. E. g. A guest is allergic to peanuts and in the previous Taj hotel they had gone instead of informing the staff, the guest was served with peanuts so to avoid such incidents. 3. Preparing DYKM Circulars ( Do You Know Me) This circular is to inform everyone (all the staff) in the hotel that a high profile guest is in going to check-in the hotel and has certain likes dislikes. So do accordingly to make his stay pleasant in the hotel. Such guests have to be treated with proper care because they are a source of income to the hotel. if they get proper care and service once, it is obvious that the next time they visit the city it is for sure that theyll visit the hotel again. 4. Printing and Submitting of Guest VIP Guest Arrival Reports These reports are stored in the Fidelio under reports section. These Reports have to submitted to the General Managers office for making Welcome Cards for the guests. These cards are printed and personally signed by the G. M for all the guests. 5. Sorting of 9 lakh reports This reports are known as 9 lakhs report, also known as the Reg Card ( Registration Cards). These cards have all the necessary required details of the Guest such as the Xerox copy of the pan card, passport, driving license also of Visas if the guest is an international guest. 6. Slipping of Welcome Cards into guest rooms After the Welcome card is printed and signed by the G. M , it comes into the Front office for slipping them into the room. These Cards are they distributed into Suites, Palace Tower according to the Guest name, and the details are looked into Fidelio. SPECIAL OBSERVATIONS 10TH VISIT (RANGING FROM 5TH -15TH VISIT) 1 WELCOME LETTER FROM THE OPERATION MANAGER. 2 BOTTLE OF SPARKLING WINE. 3 UPG TO TAJ CLUB / EXECUTIVE SUITE (MIN 1 LEVEL) 25TH VISIT (RANGING FROM 24TH – 35TH VISIT) 1 WELCOME LETTER FROM THE OPERATION MANAGER. 2 BOTTLE OF SCOTCH. 3 UPG TO EXECUTIVE SUITE / LUXURY SUITE ( MIN 2 LEVEL) 50TH VISIT (RANGING FROM 49TH -70TH VISIT) 1 WELCOME LETTER FROM THE DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER / OPERATIONS MANAGER. 2 BOTTLE OF PREMIUM SCOTCH. 3 UPG TO GRAND LUXURY SUITE WITH A JAGUAR AT DISPOSAL DURING THE ENTIRE STAY. 100TH VISIT (RANGING FROM 99TH -110TH VISIT) 1 WELCOME LETTER FORM THE GENERAL MANAGER / DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER. 2 BOTTLE OF MOET DE CHANDON / DOM PERIGNON / BLUE LABEL. 3 UPG TO PRESIDENTIAL SUITE WITH BENTLEY AT DISPOSAL DURING THE ENTIRE STAY. House Keeping Tower Duration in the Department 1 weeks Weeks from 4th Feb,13 10th Feb,13 Worked Under Ms. Sheetal ( House Keeping Supervisor Tower Wing Mr. Vaibhav Patil ( Asst . House Keeping Supervisor Tower Wing Mr. Prahlad ( Housekeeper) Reporting Time 7:30 4:00 Work Performed In Housekeeping department, all the HK staff had to report to work at 7:30 for a prayer. Then they are allotted a particular floor and rooms to be cleaned. I was placed under Mr. Prahlad, I had to help him in cleaning the rooms. Task performed by me where removing all the linen from the bed such as bed sheets, duvet cover, pillow cover, good night mats etc. And after removing, putting of fresh linens. Other works were Dusting of room, Placing Shaving kit, Toothbrush-toothpaste kit, Shampoo, Conditioner, Body lotions. Cleaning of mirror properly so that not a single stain remains on them. Vacuuming of balcony and room, It should be properly done so that not a single piece of paper, hair or any foreign material remains on them, The room should be made as good as new. The staff cleans a room in less than 20 minutes, and makes sure that all the work allotted to him are completed within the allotted time. Magical Moments in Housekeeping The Housekeeping staff creates unique experiences for the guests for their important occasions and makes it more special for the guest, Bee it a honeymoon, anniversary or any special occasion, they create an unforgettable experience for the guest. The standards that need to be followed are as mentioned: STANDARD: Guest birthdays and anniversaries should be acknowledged by extending greetings and appropriate amenities to enhance brand loyalty and develop a relationship between Hotel and the guests. Public Area Duration in the Department 3 weeks Weeks from 11th Feb,13 3rd Mar,13 Worked Under Mrs. Renu Madhok (Executive Housekeeping Manager) Reporting Time 7:30 4:00 Work Performed In Public area, we had to work from 8:00 am till 12:00 am then 2 hours break then we had to report to Housekeeping office for the briefing . Restaurants and Banquets were allotted to clean. In restaurants, the tables, Wine Racks, Side Skirts, Mirrors, Under the tables, Mirror frames, Show piece racks were to be cleaned. and in banquets the brackets are to be cleaned, the side skirts, the chandeliers are cleaned very carefully their glasses are removed, cleaned properly and then are put back again. The Banquets are vacuumed properly so that not a single foreign material remains on the floors such as paper, withered flower petals, pins etc. Before every banquet function, the banquet hall thoroughly checked to see that the hall is properly cleaned Conference floors were also allotted to clean , in these floors we had to clean the side skirts, the frames, paintings which were to be cleaned very carefully, the tables, the chairs, the cupboards, the Television set, the Computer, the Air conditioner skirts etc. Areas cleaned under public area were Rendezvous, Ballroom, Crystal room, Golden room 1 2, Emerald Jade, Sapphire, Gateway Princess room under banquets and Souk, Zodiac grill, Starboard, Golden Dragon, Wasabi by morimoto, Harbour Bar under restaurants. Laundry Duration in the Department 3 weeks Weeks from 11th Mar,13 17th Mar,13 8th Apr,13 21st Apr,13 Worked Under Mr. Dheeraj ( Laundry Supervisor) Reporting Time 7:30 4:00 Work Performed Segregating of Pillow covers into palace and tower. Segregating of napkins and Placing of napkin for ironing in the D-Hooge Roller. untangling of Duvet covers. and placing them in the big iron roller. Segregating of Goodnight mats and placing them for ironing. Segregating of ironed napkins and placing differently as per banquets and restaurants. Segregating of Bath Towels, hand towels, face towels, Shower mats. Placing Scarfs for ironing. Food And Beverage Restaurant Shamiana Duration in the Department 4 weeks Weeks from 3rd Dec,12 16th Dec,12 7th Jan,13 13th jan,13 28th Jan,13 3rd Feb,13 Worked Under Mr. Hemang Parmar ( Restaurant Manager) Mr. Raj Shetty ( Asst. Rest Manager) Mr. Melwin ( Asst. Rest manager) Reporting Time 7:00 am 5:30-6:00pm Charges a. Breakfast- Rs. 1500 b. Lunch – Rs. 2900 c. Weekend Brunch – Rs. 3500 Work Performed Reporting to work at 7:00am to attend the briefing. I was allotted the Toast station for the breakfast as well a to look after the Buffet and egg station simultaneously. I had to toast White and Brown ( whole wheat) breads. and also to deliver it to guest tables. The breakfast timing was from 6:00am to 10:00am. I was also giving the work of handling Juice counter and also to take various types of juice on the salver and ask the guest if they would like some. After the breakfast we had to clear the toast counter, as well as the buffet and clear the whole buffet table. Then we had to do the setup for the lunch buffet. For lunch we had to go and do the pick up from gardemanger for the cold food and Pastry for the desserts. The starting of the buffet were all the cold food, salads and to make it look appealing there were 3 food carvings were placed and in the weekend instead of food carvings a big ice carving was placed, which was made my Chef from gardemanger. Then there were Main course kept and then the desserts at another table. The Lunch timing was from 1:00pm to 2:30pm. After which the whole buffet was cleared, the remaining food was all either eaten by the staff or disposed off. The carving were sent back to gardemanger. On Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday we were sent to Aquarius after 5:00 to do the Barbeque setup, for the barbeque setup, we had to bring Ice, and barbeque plates and do a complete stall setup for it. and The Aquarius is only for the resident guests and the Barbeque Stall only opens during Winter season. Banquets Duration in the Department 3 weeks Weeks from 18rd Mar,13 9th Apr,13 Worked Under Mr. Javed Deshmukh Mr. Urvan Talati Mr. Mohit Vichare Reporting Time 7:00 am Work Performed Filling up of the trolley with all the items required for the Tea and coffee service. Putting up of the frill on the table for Tea and coffee setup. Doing Tea -Coffee setup, placing of all the items on the table and all the extra ones under the table. making of tea coffee according to the guest demands. Setting up of the Buffet Counter, Doing clearance, Setting up of covers on the table Setting up of table for Sit down Service and doing sit down service for the guests. Handled a Tea Coffee Service of 150-200 guests in Golden Room all alone because the banquets was too busy and every staff was busy in some other banquets. For different function, different types of setups and decorations were used. Events happened in the following days were IIT Bombay- Washington University, Rotary of Mumbai, ASNO ( Asiatic Society of Neuro-Oncology ), Engagement and Wedding. Food Production Staff Cafeteria Duration in the Department 2 weeks Weeks from 20th Nov,12 2nd Dec,12 Worked Under Mr. Sakharam Patil (Head Chef) Mr. Sameer (Asst. Head Chef) Reporting Time 7:00 am 3:00pm Work Performed Reporting to work was at 7 , Started with chopping of Onions. Chopped 4 crates of ladyfingers alone, took 3 hours for the work, Chopped Cucumbers. Chopped carrots, Tomatoes, Bottle gourd. Peeled carrots, Bottle gourd, cucumbers. Helped in preparation of Paneer tikka, Chicken Cutlets, Kulfi, Veg Korma, Mix Vegetables, Chicken Kheema. Made Papad. Marinated Chicken with tandoori masala for Midnight snacks. Sea Lounge Kitchen Duration in the Department 1 weeks Weeks from 20th Nov,12 2nd Dec,12 Worked Under Mr. Harpreet Singh ( Asst. Head Chef ) Mr. Agashya ( Head Chef) Reporting Time 7:00 am 3:00pm Work Performed Chopping of fruits, Making of Akuri ( A dish which is similar to Indian Egg-Bhurji but in akuri Onions and Ginger and garlic paste is also used). Prepared Tar tare Sauce. Chef Harpreet was very good as well as persuasive, he wanted me to grasp each and every thing that I can from his restaurant, but the same was not seen in the Head Chef, he was avoiding me on giving any work instead was just telling me to get things from other departments such as fruits, bacon etc. But because of Chef Harpreet I was able to learn many things such as Presentation, which he says is the Important part of plating of food which is indeed true, learnt how to make chat items of all kinds, Made roastee, frying of fish. Made French toast. Prepared Hollandaise sauce. Also the area your working at should always be kept neat and tidy. I. R. D Kitchen ( In-Room Dining) Duration in the Department 1 weeks Weeks from 24th Dec,12 30th Dec,12 Worked Under Chef Daruwalla ( Head Chef ) Chef Apurva ( Head Chef ) Reporting Time 12:00 pm 8:00pm Work Performed Every day after coming to work i had to go and check the Walk-In, just in case if the walk in is dirty I had to clean it and place everything properly, and see if the tagging of all the food items are properly done or not. Cleaning An Roasting of Bacon Everyday around 14 packets of bacon are cleaned and roasted for IRD as well as Shamiana restaurant and Sea Lounge at the IRD Kitchen. These bacon are cleaned and all the fat are removed and they are placed on a butter paper properly aligned in a Steel tray and kept in the oven. after around 15 minutes they are removed and the juice is separated from the bacon and the bacon is ready. Making of Sausages Pork and chicken sausages were made and while making these sausages, little amount of oil is used on them or else it will either burn them or change the taste of the sausage. Prepared akuri, porridge, Bechamel sauce and Pan Cake Batter. Butchery Duration in the Department 1 weeks Weeks from 31st Dec 12 6th Jan 13 Worked Under Mr. Vishwanath (Head Chef) Mr. Pranay ( Asst. Head Chef) Reporting Time 8:30 am 4:00pm Work Performed De-skinning of Chicken, Cutting of Chicken, Removing wings, Separating Chicken breasts and from chicken breasts, removing chicken supreme. Making chicken tikka pieces. Preparing chicken kheema. Tagging and Packing of Different meat products. Making Lamb racks. Preparing beef fillets, beef heads. De-veining of prawns and removing of its outer shell. Learnt to De-skin and clean chicken in less than 5-minutes. Main Kitchen Duration in the Department 1 weeks Weeks from 14th Jan, 13 20th Jan, 13 Worked Under Chef Sagar Chef Ramu Chef Farhan Reporting Time 9:00 am 6:00pm Work Performed Worked under Non-Veg and Entremets Section. Preparing Cheese chilly tartlets. Making bechamel Sauce. Chopping of Olives and Slicing of Onions. Preparing lasagna Frying of Fish, Preparing Chicken Cutlets, Preparing Chicken Tikka, Frying of Chicken. Stacking of all the food properly in the Walk-in. Preparing Cheese wontons, Pepper Jalapenos, Lamb Cutlets, Chicken tikka, Veg Hariyali Kebab, Fish pepper. Q. How different was your on Job training different from the theoretical inputs given in the college ? And what is your learning outcome of this ? A. From my entire industrial training exposure, I have gained more knowledge about the hotel industry and its functions. Learning things in theory and applying them in real life is totally different, when it comes to applying them in situations makes them 10 times harder. And when you are facing problems it makes you learn quicker and makes you remember things better. Also, The hotel Industry Changes very quickly, just like the Technology Industry, Hotel industry also keeps on changing . Therefore, Colleges should be well connected to whats the new thing thats happening in the Hotel and what all new technologies are being used and what all old things are removed and instead new thing that are implemented in the hotel. So that Students should well prepared while going to the industry and on implementing them. So my learning outcome from this Industrial training is that I can handle any situation easily with the theoretical as well practical knowledge that I have acquired. Also learning about new things has increased my thinking capability, on how a hotel works and how you have to generate revenue through your speaking ability to keep your source of income alive. Q . Which is Your Chosen Department and How do you propose to be the best in department ? A. My chosen department is Front Office. Only because from Day-1, I had a special interest in this part of the hotel industry. And after acquiring a particular set of practical knowledge, now I have to just work on improving it better so that when the time comes on applying it into use I can do way more better than what i did in my Industrial Training. Also the Hotel keeps on changing so i have to very well in touch with whats going around the hotel industry so as to be aware of what all new methods and technologies are used. SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT Just like the airlines have an Online boarding pass through an E-Ticket, in a similar way, the hotel could have a check-in form online, at the time of their reservation after the payment has been settled, so that they are not kept waiting for manually filling the form and wasting time. This can be done with the existing TIC guests as the hotel already has all their information. As a similar process is already been carried out for repeat clientele, this should be done for first timers as well, to save time. My second suggestion is that, industrial trainees should be given some more exposure along with some responsibility under a seniors guidance to get better learning experience. My overall experience has been great at the Taj Mahal Palace, Mumbai. The managers and the working staff have played a major role in my development and working as an industrial trainee at the Taj Mahal Palace, Mumbai. Thank You.

Keurig Case Analysis free essay sample

Keurig has been successful in selling its coffee brewing system to the office coffee segment (OCS) of the US market. This success led its leaders to ponder entering the consumer market. While making the move might seem like a reasonable next step in the development of the company core business, it also presents unique challenges. The biggest of those challenges concerns the danger of losing the existing OCS business due to a possible disruption of the unique distribution channels that the company relies on for OCS. The management also has to decide on the appropriate pricing scheme for its new brewer, which is further complicated by the proprietary nature of the coffee cup (aka K-Cup) that comes with it. Calculating the brewer price In calculating the price for the brewer we must consider the full picture. In particular, the proprietary nature of the company business inevitably ties the profits on the brewer and the profits on the coffee that comes with the brewer. We will write a custom essay sample on Keurig Case Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page More specifically, the total profit per customer: Profit=Profitbrewer+Profitcoffee It should be notes here that the aforementioned profit model is by no means unique to Keurig, and can be observed in other industries, like computers (where the profits are oftentimes split across hardware and software) or printers (where the profits are split across hardware and cartridges). Writing out the above formula further, we get: (1) Profit=Marginbrewer? Qbrewer+Profitcoffee (2) Profit=(Pricebrewer-Costbrewer)? Qbrewer+Margincoffee? Qbrewer (3) Profit=(Pricebrewer-(Costbrewer-Margincoffee))? Qbrewer The last equality (3), although follows immediately from the previous one (2), illustrates an important conceptual point, namely: profit margins gained on coffee sales can offset the costs of a brewer. Also, given the nature of their coffee business (royalties), the margins on coffee sales are virtually equivalent to profits (no â€Å"costs† are incurred in order to receive royalties). Calculating profit on coffee From the case we know that a typical customer consumes 2. 25 cups of coffee per day. This number multiplied by 365 gives us 365 ? 2. 25 ? 821 cups per year. Keurig receives $0. 04 in royalties per cup; therefore the total profit will amount to $32 per customer per year. Assuming the four year time horizon (N = 4) and the cost of capital, r=10%, the NPV value for the stream of income on coffee sales is NPV=i=1N321+ri = $101 per customer. Calculating brewer price elasticity To calculate the elasticity we use the market research data presented in Exhibit 6. A log-log regression of the 6-point data gives us an estimate of the price to share elasticity equal to ? -3. 2 (see Appendix A), which we shall round to -3 per this assignment’s instructions. The mark-up coefficient in the â€Å"optimal price† formula will therefore be equal to ? 1+? = 1. 5. the recommended brewer price Using the original cost estimate for the brewer ($200) and the mark-up factor of 1. 5 would give us the optimal price of $300. However, as was explained earlier, per equation (3) we can interpret Keurig’s profit on its coffee sales as a brewer cost reduction factor. Thus, the original cost of a brewer is reduced to $200-$101=$99; applying the mark-up coefficient of 1. 5 will give the recommended price of $99? 1. 5? $148 per brewer. Calculating the K-Cup price

Quiz How Well Do You Know Nursing Slang

Quiz How Well Do You Know Nursing Slang Can you ace this nursing slang text? Take the following quiz to find out whether you’re nursing knowledge is on point or whether you need a refresher course. Source:[women.com]

International Economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

International Economic - Essay Example This century has specifically seen the Asian- Pacific regions that have been showing more interest in negotiating and implementing preferential trade agreements, with China, and now India, being main the ‘hub’ in the Asia-Pacific liberal trade group’s ‘hub and spoke’ agreements with other members of the WTO. An increase in this preference for bilateral and regional trade agreements or free trade agreements (FTPs) had been observed right from the 1980s, and has often been described by the experts as the rise in a ‘new regionalism’(Majluf, 2004). By the 15th September 2008, we find that there have been 222 regional trade agreements notified to the World Trade Organization (WTO) as been implemented, with many more in the pipeline. This regionalism has been of particular interest to many of the Pacific Rim countries (Lloyd, 2002). Even China has been diverted from its earlier engrossment with the assumption of WTO, and has started seeing gain s through these regional negotiations. However coming to a general consensus on the topic of bilateral relations and the issue of free international trade has never been easy, especially as certain industrial sectors and labour groups within the economy, have been said to be adversely affected through international competition. The debate between neoliberals and the leftists or the anti-neoliberal group form the core between these refusals to come to an easy consensus. On one hand we find that the leftists group claim â€Å"Globalization has dramatically increased inequality between and within nations† (Jay Mazur, US union leader, 2000); while on the other hand the neoliberals present statistical figures in their behalf and claim that â€Å"globalized developing countries have increased their per capita growth rate from 1% in the1960’s... to... 5% in 1990’s...much of the rest of the developing world-with about-2 billion people...their aggregate growth rate was actually negative in the 90s†( Collier and Dollar, 2002, 5). So the road to globalisation, free international trade and bilateral relations had never been easy with constant frictions between the experts from both camps. The current trade negotiations is the The  Doha Development Round  or  Doha Development Agenda (DDA), and is an ongoing process that had started in November 2001, and continues to develop till date, owing to a lack of consensus amongst the members of the participating countries. The chief objective of this negotiation round is to cut down on the various trade barriers that exist worldwide, and subsequently to increase international free trade.  In the Doha round of talks in 2008 (held in Geneva), negotiations were stopped over the lack of consensus on a range of important issues such as   removal of the industrial  tariff  and  non-tariff barriers, services, agriculture, and various trade remedies (Fergusson, 2008).  These differences created a cleavage between the developed nations  that were on side and led by United States (USA), European Union (EU), and Japan; while on the other side of the divide were the strong  developing countries  like China, India, Brazil, South Africa and South Korea. The primary

Introspection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Introspection - Essay Example The depth of introspection a person has concerning ethical beliefs depends on their life experiences. An example would be a child raised in a monastery, who later becomes a monk. This child believes what he has been taught but also spends much time in prayer. This child has been taught about the sins of man. He then introspectively searches his soul for his sins. This allows for him to be a more ethical person. On the other hand, if a child is raised in a monastery, but physically or sexually abused by a priest, this child might not have high ethics. This child might even grow up to abuse other children since the cycle tends to repeat themselves. Experiences determine an individual’s ethics. Ethical beliefs can change over time. In fact, ethical beliefs change and grow as a person ages. A child might lie for fear of disapproval, but grow and become a truthful adult. Children learn as they grow. Another example would be a two-year-old might hit other children, but find out later hitting is wrong. It depends on how time and experiences change a child. Adults guide children’s ethics, but in the end, experiences dictate a child’s ethics and introspection. Finally, the true test of ethics is the reason behind an individual’s beliefs. If a person does not steal or commit murder for fear of prison, they are law abiding, not truly ethical. If a person does not steal because it is wrong, this makes them ethical. When a person thinks of others and how they feel; about what is right and wrong, then they are ethical.

Plato and Nietzsche on Authority Essay Example for Free

Plato and Nietzsche on Authority Essay Nietzsche and Plato have many similarities in their discussion of political philosophy. Both dislike and hold contempt for democracy, and both favour a meritocratically chosen elite holding authority. There are even many similarities between the characteristics that they require in the group. However, there are differences too. Nietzsche doesnt outline a strict theory of authority, as Plato does. His governmental system, although it hardly is, could be interpreted, and has been, in many different ways. And, although both of them think that they have justified their authority, there have been several discussions on to whether they are, and in what society they would be relevant. These discussions are perhaps at the core of finding the key differences and usable elements of their philosophies. The notion of authority can be discussed in two main senses. For one, it can be used to discuss a person or groups right to rule. The other is when you talk of someone being an authority on a topic. Both of these involve the subordination of personal judgement to that of another and most political theorists would consider this subordination to be binding. One of the main problems is if you should surrender your own personal judgement independent of the content of the authoritys ideas both Nietzsche and Plato would say that one should, as their leaders are both an authority on a topic and have the right to rule. When authority comes from knowledge, it doesnt necessarily mean that the authority has power, for example as in a teacher trying to control a class at a school. However, in politics, an effective authority must be allied to power. If the authority is recognised, then it is de facto authority. If it is justified, then it is de jure authority, and most de facto authorities claim that they are both de facto and de jure. Plato and Nietzsche both argue for a de facto authority (sensibly who wants to impose an authority that is ignored?) and they both outline what they believe to be justification for this authority. This justification is at the centre of much of political philosophy, as it is important to discover if the justification works. Authority differs, therefore, from justified power, as justified power in itself does not involve subordination of judgement if theyre not recognised, then they cannot require that people follow their rule. Legitimacy is also an issue. In a democratic state, electoral fraud would lead to a leader being illegitimate: there is also no guaranteed way to prevent electoral fraud. However, as Nietzsche and Plato are both anti-democracy, illegitimacy this way would obviously be an issue. However, if either of their desired leaders were to seize power (either by force or just accidentally falling into power), there would be definite issues with people who didnt believe their justification. In this case, their authority could be considered illegitimate. Plato, especially in Republic, gives epistemology and metaphysics substantial roles in political philosophy. In Platos ideally just city, philosophers would gain power, or, at the very least, rulers would have to engage sincerely and adequately in philosophy. Plato also suggests a rigorous training program for his philosopher-kings they must have their emotions properly trained. Would this lack of emotion make for a good authority? Many would say that you cannot be emotional about your leadership because then your judgement would be swayed by too many subjective factors. However, the thought of a leader without emotion is particularly daunting how would they know what would affect the population, and more importantly how? Emotions are an important part of human life, and a great leader would have to understand (and this would usually be best understood by feeling the emotions oneself) human life to be effective. Plato argues that this would come from knowledge of the Forms, the per fect example of something there is one for every notion that exists on earth. The Form of tables, the Form of emotions, or even the Form of drinks are all said to exist. The meticulous training includes imparting knowledge about these forms and prepares the mind for this abstract thought by rigorously training the rulers in mathematics. The philosophers knowledge of the Forms would include knowledge of the Form of Good, which is the keystone of the system, and therefore is essential for order. If one takes the Forms to be a true (or even just realistic) idea then it is sensible for a leader to understand what the true notion of good is. If one knows good then one can use this mould to create a good system, which is surely more reliable than basing it on subjective ideas. The Forms are like a religion, which makes Platos system almost a theocracy (unlike the authority of Nietzsche) and this has been implemented as a political system before. In the past, however, people have become dissatisfied with the religion that they are forced to agree with. Atheism is becoming more and more accepted than before, as many new scientific discoveries render God less and less plausible, and as Nietzsche would put it, less useful as a concept. All this taken into account means that knowledge of the Forms probably wouldnt be useful for an authority (especially in a modern era), but it is not necessarily a bad idea for an authority figure to be well versed in philosophy. Philosophy introduces abstract thought (like Plato suggested) and calls for knowledge in logic. Abstract thought is useful when trying to find theories that fit with the real world where would physics and chemistry be without abstract thought concerning the atom? Another key question on the subject of religion was raised by Nietzsche. Is there anything that can be taken from religion, even if one wasnt to be imposing religion onto a state, as Plato does? Nietzsche believes that, although religion in itself is too dogmatic and God is useless as a concept, the passion behind religion is admirable, and would be one of the key characteristics of his new philosophers. Nietzsches new philosopher, as opposed to the more traditional concept of Plato, would be more like a contemporary artist than a contemporary philosopher. They would not even necessarily be searching for the truth. These new philosophers are the Ubermensch and coupled with this think outside the box attitude, they have a strong Will to Power, which makes them the perfect leader. They crave solitude, when independence is not necessary or normally preferred, which Nietzsche says is an example of exercising the will to power over oneself he also calls it a privilege of the strong. Plato agrees, and says that the philosopher follows truth alone. These new philosopher overmen dont follow the rules that are currently put in place by Christianity and slave morality like self-sacrifice for ones neighbour and self-denial. Similarly to Platos philosopher kings, these Ubermensch/new philosophers are uncommitted to anyone or anything, and they are not afraid to break the boundaries currently put in place by political authorities. - Of course, these philosophers that are in power must be significantly different from those that we call philosophers today. Nietzsche says that every great philosophy so far has been just the personal confession of its author meaning that philosophy is subjective and just based and what you want to believe and think. Here, social class, education, religion, parents and friends all play a part in what you write down as your philosophy. As previously mentioned, Nietzsche wants to use people who a free thinkers, someone that yearns to be set free from the crowd. Plato agrees when Adeimantus says that people who study philosophy too long become weird, roguish creatures, useless to society philosophers arent currently as useful to politics as they should be, according to both theories of authority. There are other examples of when a more metaphysical concept has been implemented by an authority. Religious people often hold God (rather than the Forms or the free thinkers of Nietzsche) as the ultimate authority, and although we have discussed briefly the problems with making this the law of a state (as in theocracy), this religious politics may not be a bad idea. For example, if those with authority look to God for advice on political matters, it gives them a chance to think about and receive information (either from God, or simply thinking it through in prayer, or even through the morals in religious scripture this neednt be a discussion of religious philosophy) about what may be the better decision. Obviously, if we take the Forms to be incorrect (as most people do), then God would be the ultimate good, which means that those that understand God would have to hold the power, rather than philosophers. Of course, there has to be a line drawn between looking to God (or another spiritual being) for advice and forcing views on other people. Plato would argue that the people dont know what is good for them, and so should trust whatever the authority says, but this isnt a realistic idea for people of today, who have fought for free speech for centuries. Nietzsche would both agree and disagree with this. He would agree in that the Ubermensch are the only ones that can be truly rulers, and that the vast majority of people dont know whats good for them. However, he wouldnt necessarily say that this was a bad thing, as if slaves are happy being slaves, then they have less of the Will to Power and therefore do (in a sense) know whats good for themselves personally. Of course, even if we convert Platos theory on Authority to be based around any religious ideals then it is still an argument against democracy in that if an Authority must have something to be a good ruler, there is no point in asking the untrained masses to vote for a good ruler. They wouldnt, presumably, be able to understand the Forms, or God, sufficiently enough to choose an Authority (or even understand that there could be an Authority) that would do the job to Platos standards. Another Platos philosopher kings rely on their knowledge of the Forms to provide their moral code, which is then implemented upon the Republic. The Form of the Good provides the perfect moral code upon which to base the real (material) moral code. This is one of the main reasons why Plato requires his rulers to have philosophical knowledge they need to know the moral code upon which to base their own. Nietzsche, on the other hand, believes that everything is subjective, based on experience and opinion of the individual. This means that his philosopher supermen dont need to implement a moral code; their only morals are the will to power. Even if this seems like a good idea within the context of Platos Republic, this Authority wouldnt make sense in todays politics. For example, there are many various types of religion, and within those religions, thousands of sub-sets. This means that, even without using the Forms, that this theocracy idea couldnt be imposed without some force (the implications of which will be discussed later). Secondly, using one type of morality based on dogmatic principles wouldnt hold sway for a similar reason there would be complaints (or even uprisings) about the lack of freedoms this gives. These are practical reasons for the change not to take place. However, there are implications even if this were to be used in an ideal society (where all good ideas based upon an interchangeable ultimate value would be easily implemented with consequences). Its not ideal, from many viewpoints, to force everyone to hold the same viewpoint (although Plato would argue that there is only one true viewpoint) and Nietzsches subjectivism would agree. Human nature would be indulged in an ideal world, if happiness was the ultimate value, and this calls for freedom to be a central concept of any Authority. Freedom to vote, to those in the UK, seems to be a basic human right with few restrictions. This means that democracy would seem to be part of an ideal society in pursuit of happiness. There are good reasons for this we all have subjective opinions (as Nietzsche rightly said) and these need to be reflected in the way we are governed by an authority. For example, in most other situations, we would consult someone who we believe to be an authority on a subject. If we are ill, we talk to a doctor. If we want to dine out, we will consult a restaurant critic. Therefore, it seems sensible to leave governmental decisions to those with political knowledge. However, the teaching of medicine is universally taught in a similar (if not identical) way there is little room for a subjective opinion. The more subjective something is, the less we can trust it. The restaurant critic, for example, will sway our views either way, but it probably wont be the final judgment. The reason it will still sway us is that there is still good and bad food. Politics, however, is different. Everything in politics is completely dependant on moral views, upbringing, teaching, the media and even the way your brain works. We cannot trust teachers of politics to be completely impartial when teaching the political theories. Teachers of religious studies are usually biased towards Christianity in this country, and politics teachers would probably be the same. People wouldnt be happy with simply going along with what the politicians say thats why people have died for democracy. Everyone has different views, and democracy is the best way to incorporate all (or most) of these when creating a government. There is, however, a problem with the amount of democracy to allow. The current system in the United Kingdom is for people to vote in a representative that they trust to make similar decisions to those that they would choose. Of course, the representative cannot be trusted to have exactly the same views, and therefore, should the vote be more open? If people were allowed to vote on any topic that interests them, what would happen? The government may be forced to ban petrol cars. The main question is, is it really democratic once elected? The system in the UK is not fully democratic. Plato would argue that the only way for a government to make truly right decisions (and therefore decisions that the public would have to agree with theres nothing to disagree with if something is right) is for them to know good be trained in abstract thought and philosophy. So democracy, to be worthwhile, perhaps needs to be more democratic, or Plato and Nietzsche have the right idea. Jeremy Bentham famously associated utilitarianism with democracy he believed that one vote per person would lead the the greatest good for the greatest number. This is because human nature naturally tends to lead us towards pleasure, as opposed to pain. And, because everyone has this same desire towards pleasure, democracy would effectively allow all of us to vote for pleasure, so to speak. This seems like a more feasible idea than relying on someone who, although in theory doesnt have personal interests, probably would be biased. Humans do tend to avoid pain, so an open vote would lead us away from pain. Change Nietzsche quotes on asceticism! Another important feature that both Nietzsche and Plato mention in their political philosophy is asceticism. Nietzsche mentions that the tests of self-deprivation that (Christians mostly) pervade Western society are bad wherever religious neurosis has appeared on earth, we find it tied up with three dangerous dietary rules: isolation, fasting, and sexual abstinence. However, further on in Beyond Good and Evil, he seemingly changes his mind. He advocates appropriating, injuring, overpowering those who are foreign and weaker; oppression, harshness, forcing ones own forms on others, incorporation, and at the very least, at the very mildest, exploitation which would surely induce suffering, especially when considered with a modern mind. He then goes on to say in 270 that Profound suffering ennobles; it separates. Even earlier on, in 40, he says that everything deep loves a mask surely a sign of internal suffering is being hidden? Presumably, deep is a good thing, as his description of his new philosophers necessitates that they are deep creatures. Plato, on the other hand, consistently advocates an ascetic lifestyle, especially when he is discussing his people in authority. They do not care for pleasures of this world: those of body or money. We can apply the same thoughts to asceticism as we can to Platos philosopher without emotion. If a leader doesnt care for pleasures of this world, then surely they cannot truly understand the pleasures of this world whether they are philosophers or not. If the authority was supposed to be similar to a Christian God, then it would be omnipotent, and therefore know and understand everything a priori. However, neither Plato nor Nietzsche advocates a Christian God as the best authority and neither of them suggests that the leader would be omnipotent. Therefore, it would make sense to disagree with asceticism on the grounds that it would cause the perfect leader to have a lack of understanding about typical human pleasures. It will be evident by now that Nietzsche (and Plato, to an extent) advocates an oligarchy (albeit meritocratic) both place small groups of people in charge of the general public. They both have similar attitudes towards democracy, as well. Plato dismisses democracy he thinks that liberty (557b) and equality (558c) lead to a break down of all the essential characteristics of a philosopher-king. Evidently the very existence of a ruling class of philosopher kings is controversial to the central themes of democracy. liberty leads to a lack of self-discipline. He doesnt believe in equality as some humans are superior. Nietzsche has a similar idea he mentions that Every enhancement in the type man up to this point has been the work of an aristocratic society, which shows that he believes that an aristocratic society will further mans development. Although Plato seems to advocate a meritocratic oligarchy (although he wouldnt admit it), he doesnt recommend that his republic be based around money (also known as a plutocracy) where a small group of rich people, similar to an aristocracy, rule the lower classes. This would lead to an economic inequality between classes, which would create an environment which leads to and breeds beggars and thieves. It could also lead to a revolution between the rich and the poor. Another argument against plutocracies occurs in chapter VIII, Socrates says that wealth doesnt allow a pilot to navigate a ship, so wealth wouldnt allow an authority to rule a republic. Money seems to be a key problem with many theories of authority. It is often said that money corrupts people, so it could be argued that in any governmental system where the authority gets paid or is chosen because of its wealth would be corrupt. However, it is not practical to impose this most people associate power with money either subconsciously or consciously. The authority, even if chosen democratically, would want some reward for having to rule a country, and money is the usual and probably most desired reward. In The Prince, Machiavelli justified using force to gain and retain political power, and it, therefore, justifies any actions simply done to gain power. This may, of course, have influenced Nietzsche, who also advocates gaining power by force. In 257, he mentions that every noble (not in the typical sense) civilisation has descended from barbarians, and that any decent (and therefore aristocratic) society requires slavery. Plato agrees with this, he says that the most majestic society and man is tyranny and the tyrant. Although there are sections in The Republic where Plato seems to advocate violence, such as 465 where he says Arguments can be settled with fists, there and then, as they arise, when he discusses his perfect State he seems to believe that it will just come into being. For example, in 502, he mentions that the only way it could come about by a philosopher wiping the slate of human habits and society clean. This could, obviously, mean the annihilation of the human race, but it seems to mean just cleansing the mind of incorrect ideas. He then acknowledges that putting it into practice would be difficult which it wouldnt, if they just forced people into obeying, which makes it seem like he hopes that one day, it will happen, but he is not going to force it. More examples of this anti-force opinion occur when he is discussing the types of government that he is against timarchy, oligarchy, democracy and tyranny. He explains that oligarchy and tyranny can only come about by using force private wealth means that people feel that they have the right to keep the populace down by force. Democracy, he believes, causes excessive liberty, which then causes its own downfall. From this comes a tyrant, who is not afraid of murder and stirs up war. Another point he makes is that it is simply never right to harm anyone at any time which obviously is a specific way of showing his feelings on violence and this would apply to taking a country or state by force. Of course, this helps to illustrate a key difference between power and authority. For example, we all have in us the physical strength to murder (although, obviously, we dont usually have the mental state to want to do it) and this is power in one sense just like a dictator killing thousands of people because he can. However, an authority differs from this in that it would be classed as capital punishment. So what is the difference? Why does an authority have the right and others do not? If an authority is de jure (with justification) although it may be difficult for some to think when murder would be justified then all its actions could be seen as justified by proxy, as if an authority is justified, the decisions they make would be somehow related to the reason they are in power. For example, Plato justifies his philosopher-kings by saying that they are the only ones who can have true knowledge of the forms, and, if this is true, then they know the Form of Good. So, if they murdered someone, then it would be based upon something theyve seen in the innate Form of Good. The balance between freedom and authority comes into question when discussing issues like the above. Even though the authority may be justified on its own terms, it may not be necessarily right. Using Plato as an example again, the theory of the Forms is now commonly thought to be incorrect, and people wouldnt accept that as a reason to allow capital punishment. Even if there was a truly irrefutable source of justification, people will always have differing views, especially on such an important topic. So how does an authority find the perfect balance between power and authority? Authoritarianism is a social theory popular with dictators and the like. It supports, at the totalitarian end of the spectrum, the total subjection of personal opinions (usually through oppression) and enforcing strict control upon those that live in the state. It often involves what many political philosophies would see as an erosion of civil rights and freedoms lack of a private life and suppression of religious beliefs, for example. Obviously, there are differing degrees of authoritarianism and even the most democratic and liberal state must exercise its authority upon those within the state, but finding the right balance is important. Both Nietzsche and Plato advocate the subordination of those under the command of the philosophers, which means that their theories would be less easily accepted today than they would have been in the past. As previously mentioned, people have fought (and still are, particularly from the 20th century until today) for their civil rights and this includes their freedom, which means that an authoritarian government, like those advocated by Nietzsche and Plato, would be more difficult to impose today than ever before. This calls into question obedience to the state. The more democratic the state, the more free speech and dissent is usually allowed. However, as neither Plato nor Nietzsche advocate democracy, it is required to understand when disobedience would be allowed. Of course, both would say that their state would be obedient at all times, but this is unrealistic. In a theocracy, the state executes the law of God. In Plato, God can be easily exchanged for The Forms. However, what would happen if people were to disagree with Platos theory, as many do? Would they be justified in breaking the law of something that they dont believe in? A true authority would mean that the law would either be unbreakable morally or that their authority was so powerful that people could not, or would not, break the law. However, as has been seen, it is difficult to see where Plato or Nietzsches arguments would lead to such an authority. Although disobedience of the law is obviously illegal, sometimes mass disobedience, in the UK at least, can lead to a change of law. Plato would disagree that this is even possible. If duty to the State is accepted, it is still possible to find examples when the law can be disobeyed. As the duty of the state is to protect the people (and, for my example, this includes their freedom), state infringement of this freedom could cause the person involve to break the law to retrieve their liberty. Another issue arises (in the case of democratic government and perhaps in Nietzsches subjective government) in that if the majority part enforces a law, should the minority who didnt vote be forced to follow it? It wasnt their choice for that law to be enforced. Of course, with major things that infringe on human rights, like murder and domestic violence, should be universally enforced, but what about poll tax and property protection? If it was enforced by a government of authority that imposed itself, this could be an issue in that it is unfair to enforce laws that almost all of the population disagree with. In some cases, it could be considered immoral, but Plato would disagree, as the Rulers are following the only moral code that exists. Platos philosopher kings rely on their knowledge of the Forms to provide their moral code, which is then implemented upon the republic. The Form of the Good provides the perfect moral code upon which to base the real (material) moral code. This is one of the main reasons why Plato requires his rulers to have philosophical knowledge they need to know the moral code upon which to base their own. Nietzsche, however, believes that everything is subjective, based on experience and opinion of the individual. This means that his philosopher supermen dont need to implement a moral code; as previously mentioned, their only moral is the will to power. Nietzsche never specifically argues for a government system like we have today. For example, he mentions that his free spirits should be in power, but also says that religion should be allowed for the common people. This shows, slightly patronisingly, that he is not expecting the common people to understand the rulers (much like the lower classes today are note expected to understand politics) which is obviously a very sweeping judgement, and could be considered as harsh and pro-Big Brighter in support of a tyrannical state. Although Nietzsche did support tyrant, he did appreciate the subjectivism of morals and opinion, and was not advocating forcing ones views upon others (unlike Hitler). His lack of respect for democracy is not the only thing that calls into question modern government. He doesnt even specify if there should be a (totalitarian?) leader at all, merely that the free spirits would hold power as such. His appreciation of subjectivity means that a leader would not strictly work: all views are different, so no leader would be truly right. The free spirit seems merely to be an authority to show others with the will to power what they can achieve. Conclusion Both of these systems involve elements of the totalitarian about them. Plato seems to advocate both communism in monetary matters and lifestyle and the complete opposite when it comes to defining differences between peoples. He argues strongly for different classes of people, like Nietzsche, and for an authority that is placed in power with no choice. Its not as bad as it seems, if one agrees with the justification of the argument however, it would be a long struggle for people to accept it. Nietzsche, on the other hand, has often been blamed for inspiring Hitler (which is untrue, as Nietzsche despised racism and anti-Semitism), and it is easy to see why, as he advocates gaining authority by force, relishes in aristocratic barbarianism, and believes that there are levels of people. This means that their theories on authority arent very practical, and neither de jure or de facto, particularly by modern standards. A preferable system, therefore, would be a mix of Platos equality for women, Nietzsches appreciation for the artistic nature, and (include other philosophers). Of course, its unforeseeable to be able to find a perfect authority, one who is justified, true, moral and recognised. As Nietzsche said, all philosophy to date has been personal confession if this is true (which it seems likely to be), then there will never be a perfect authority, justified and recognised by all.